Dull thoughts on a shiny, shiny world.
Published on August 31, 2008 By cactoblasta In Politics

We're all familiar with the argument that police forces and the like profile because it's effective. People of a kind tend to commit more crimes than others, so they get focused on. This could be based on anything a 'lifetime of experience' has suggested - profiling black people for theft, gays for child molestation or women for shoplifting, middle-aged white men for fraud and corporate crimes.

The results of a study by the British intelligence service (MI5) suggest this cannot be applied to terrorism. As a state with a considerable history of anti-terror work, they're good people to listen to. I've put a link to an article summing up the general thrust of the report below.

If you haven't picked it up yet, I'm inclined to agree with the Brits. Supporters of profiling appear to think that terrorist groups are stupid, that they lack the sophistication to figure out what a security service is looking for and supply something different. Thus profiling for terrorism actually weakens national security, rather than strengthening it, because it adds the implication 'not terrorist' to anyone who doesn't fit the profile. That's bad news when you're trying to instil eternal vigilance.

Or perhaps the Brits just weren't looking closely enough; there was an implication in the newspaper article that most terrorists have low-paying jobs. Is it time we started profiling society's poor instead?


Comments
on Aug 31, 2008

Ever heard the expression - if it aint broke, dont fix it? Terrorist may not be stupid, but until what they are doing stops working they will continue to do it.

I noticed that the MI 5 study is very specific, and not a general condemnation of profiling.  Perhaps you will want to reread it with that in mind?  Not all terrorists are arabs.  Not all arabs are terrorists.  But then you have a better chance of catching a terrorist (plotting against the US - the UK has its own problems) if you profile an arab male, than if you profile a scandanavian grandmother.

on Sep 01, 2008

But then you have a better chance of catching a terrorist (plotting against the US - the UK has its own problems) if you profile an arab male, than if you profile a scandanavian grandmother.

Possibly, so long as you assume that only Arab terrorists seek to cause harm. The sad fact is though that terrorists of all sorts exist. Perhaps she has a hatred of blacks, and plans to bomb Los Angeles. Or a hatred of environmental degradation and goes seeding a forestry area with nails. Both are terrorism. Focusing on Arab terrorism performed by obviously Arab people is a dangerous idea - as the study suggests, converts can be just as big a threat, and they don't always change to an Arabic name through deed poll. Their passport could show them to be a harmless Scandinavian grandmother (or more likely grandfather) just as easily as anything else.

on Sep 01, 2008

MI5 are great, so long as they don't step foot in the London Underground.

 

Don't portray the UK's services as being good just because they have a history of this stuff, the UK isn't the same as it was even twenty years ago, and it's history with the IRA is hardly a gleaming report. MI5 simply instigated mass-tortures of Catholic Irishmen the likes of which make Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo Bay look perfectly normal.

 

MI5 have gotten so disjointed in normal operations, you could call the John Charles De Menezes incident the MI5 equivilant of Katrina for the rescue organisations in New Orleans. The difference being, MI5 haven't shown that they've improved.

 

As a Brit, I tend to look to the FBI for the cutting edge stuff, ironically

on Sep 01, 2008

Don't portray the UK's services as being good just because they have a history of this stuff, the UK isn't the same as it was even twenty years ago, and it's history with the IRA is hardly a gleaming report.

Are you trying to say Spooks isn't reality television? The nerve!

More seriously, I can't say I've looked that closely at MI5's service record, nor have I seen the actual report. But it does seem sufficiently different to what was coming out of the Blair era to potentially come from an original thought rather than transplanted theories from the US.

As an Aussie, I tend to look to Israel for the cutting edge (in so many, many ways) when it comes to espionage and counter-terror. Unfortunately they're unlikely to make this kind of point, which is a bit of a shame.

on Sep 02, 2008

Their passport could show them to be a harmless Scandinavian grandmother (or more likely grandfather) just as easily as anything else.

Profiling is not about catching all, but in increasing the chances of catching some.  Profiling should never be used to the exclusion of all else.  If you do, then yes, Mrs. Gruendsnik from Oslo will catch you with your pants down.

on Sep 02, 2008

Part of the problem is, there could be thousands of arrests from profiling, but as soon as there is one wrongful arrest or a case where somebody kicks up a fuss about being picked on, the media will be all over it.

 

Well, probably not FOX News, but still!

on Sep 02, 2008

Part of the problem is, there could be thousands of arrests from profiling, but as soon as there is one wrongful arrest or a case where somebody kicks up a fuss about being picked on, the media will be all over it.

The problem with having plenty of arrests is that you might not be picking up terrorists. Guantanamo Bay is a case in point. Thousands of arrests, thousands sent home without charge after years of miserable treatment. More time needs to be devoted to establishing guilt rather than a profiling match.

on Sep 02, 2008

Thousands of arrests, thousands sent home without charge

YOu are off by a factor of 10.  It would strengthen your arguments to at least be in the ball park.

on Sep 02, 2008

cactoblasta
Part of the problem is, there could be thousands of arrests from profiling, but as soon as there is one wrongful arrest or a case where somebody kicks up a fuss about being picked on, the media will be all over it.
The problem with having plenty of arrests is that you might not be picking up terrorists. Guantanamo Bay is a case in point. Thousands of arrests, thousands sent home without charge after years of miserable treatment. More time needs to be devoted to establishing guilt rather than a profiling match.

 

As Dr Guy said, there won't be that many sent home without charge. If there were, you'd get so many lawsuits about wrongful arrests. I was thinking more in general terms, though, such as people carrying guns in places where they're illegal (or in the UK, stop-checking teens for knives which I can vouch would return enourmous dividends) as much as terrorrists.

 

In terms of profiling for terrorism, I think it can work very well, but it is always important to remember the convictions of terrorists and it's not all this lust for virgins, it can be driven by hate, envy, anger, despair, or even by sub-normal intelligence (like the British example with the brain-damaged guy who was brainwashed in... Exeter I think). That would make profiling much more dificult, because it's such an extensive profile. But generally, if you look at religious-terrorists they are Aarab/East-African, male, and living comfortably in the West. It's weird, but I haven't heard of poverty-stricken terrorists before.

In this case, it can work very well - you know the kind of places they have in common (the mosque) and the kind of groups they move in. You know their predominant gender, and their predominant race. It's quite easy, from there, to focus your efforts on about 1.5% (900,000) of the population in the UK, if you only take religion/race/gender into account (note sure the figure in U.S.) and, although there will be times when they're exactly the opposite of the profile, those times will be few and far between.

 

Profiling becomes harder in places where terrorism is rife, like in Iraq, where they're beginning to use women, Islam is the norm, etc. and that's the time when profiling doesn't work. But it's all about the time and place - IRA are dead easy to profile, religious-terrorists are just as easy (if not easier) but Russian spies would be impossible to profile.

on Jun 05, 2009

More whites than blacks smoke weed, but mostly blacks get busted because of prrofiling.  I think when you said 'and gays for child molestation' you are being pretty offensive.  This is not a profile that stands up at all.  Few cops are stupid enough to think that... are you?